4 20 95 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/0e3ef1c85a27b556faa75e54279dca93.pdf 9e58dafb955ba10bfe12719524c7f38c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource From Infrastructure to Icon: a Historical and Archaeological Analysis of the Randell Dry Dock Subject The topic of the resource Session 7 Preservation and conservation of wet archaeological materials and site management Description An account of the resource On the banks of the Murray River in the small township of Mannum, South Australia, lies an impressive and rare feat of early colonial maritime infrastructure; the Randell Dry Dock. Originally constructed as a timber floating dock in 1873, it was purchased by Captain William Randell and towed to Mannum. The imposing structure docked over half of all the paddle steamers on the Murray-Darling river system before being superseded in 1927. It is now only one of a handful of timber docks from this period still existing internationally. Archaeological investigations have been minimal on maritime infrastructure sites along the River Murray. A heritage trail has been implemented by the SA Department of Environment and Natural Resources and the SA Tourism Commission. The Randell Dry Dock is part of this trail and on the State Heritage Register. Archaeological investigations have revealed new information about the dock’s unique construction. This paper will outline the history and construction of this architectural gem, the seriousness of its current condition, and the ongoing fight against the clock by archaeologists and the local community to protect this rare and significant example of South Australian Murray River history. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Britt Burton Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 7 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/583f9177e1ab40fe2c0b403d3dbc685a.pdf 7f9c4a50528db5bafa6664a0403fd4f1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Urdaneta and the health cargo of the Tornaviaje Subject The topic of the resource Session 9 Spain and the Asia-Pacific region Description An account of the resource The aim of this paper is to analyze the food cargo of Urdaneta’s Tornaviaje and it’s direct consequences over the health of his sailors. The paper will focus on health issues on board, specially in view of the unknown route that they would follow to go back to the Americas. We will focus on how Urdaneta planned to overcome problems related to prolonged stays at sea, specially health problems due to lack of fresh food. Through contemporary accounts and diaries, we know that Urdaneta understood the necessity of having fresh fruits on board, and took action to ensure the safety of his crew by introducing local fruits from the Philippines such as coconuts. His efforts were successful, and his perilous trip was made with less than 10% of mortality, with no direct mention to scurvy. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Xabier Armendáriz Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 9 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/63eda41d537cb94d0436d538c8f0fbc6.pdf c9c088af0a367c72edf5b8d3efef08fc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Luso-Asian influences in Macaronesia Subject The topic of the resource Session 11 Diversity in approaches to maritime archaeology, underwater cultural heritage and related areas Description An account of the resource In early 1607 when the East India Company was preparing to send its first fleet to India, four Asian men were already in London and requested work on these ships as a means to getting home. The men all had Portuguese names; Marcus, John Mendes, John Rodrigues and John Taro. Where did these men come from and what was their story? Through original interdisciplinary fieldwork in Macaronesia, as well as in South and Southeast Asia this paper is an investigative research into the origin of the earliest medieval seaborne Asians to arrive into the Atlantic Ocean from their homelands in the Indo-Pacific regions. Throwing light on a narrative that has been usually projected from the perspective of “European pioneers” from the opposing direction. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cliff Pereira Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 11 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/8460a9056d4e2124bce1bd0f3eafb532.pdf ad8910bc010314434243720d02d3e0d6 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/71742bf0c92c06c3850b15da9f5afa6b.jpg 53627ec6558796c99a5ccff5e924cd40 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 472 Height 445 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Centenary Impact Since RMS Titanic Sank upon Universal Regulation of Underwater Cultural Heritage in International Waters, and the Necessity of New Law-Making in Japan Subject The topic of the resource Session 3 History and Current Trends of Underwater Archaeology around East Asia Description An account of the resource 2012 is Centennial since Royal Mail Ship (RMS) Titanic sunk. The Titanic was found in 1985, as early as 1986 United States of America (USA) enacted the RMS Titanic Maritime Memorial Act. It aimed at the conclusion of international agreement for the conservation of the Titanic by states concerned. The agreement was started drafting in 1997 and adopted in 2000. It was USA, France, England and Canada that adopted Agreement concerning the Shipwrecked Vessel RMS Titanic (the Agreement). On the other hand United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 2001 Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001 Convention) was made through four diplomatic conferences since 1998, and entered into force in 2010. Thanks to 2001 Convention, the term “Underwater Cultural Heritage” (UCH) has been well-known to people around the world. Be that as it may, to be an UCH needs passage of 100 years; the Titanic will be an UCH next year. Although the importance of 2001 Convention has recently attracted considerable attention, its new trend toward universal regulation has just started emerging from international society. It is the Article 9.2 of the Agreement that attention should be paid. It provides, “If a general multilateral Convention on the protection of underwater cultural heritage enters into force for all Parties, they shall consult to discuss the relationship between this Agreement and that Convention.” Assuming an appropriate coordination of them gives rise to a new trend, it appears more desirable to foresee the near future and timely accede to 2001 Convention after the preparation of domestic laws in Japan referring to 2001 Convention. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nakada, Tatsuya Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 3 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/a6f3e32439d4becf520fd118f5f28a4f.pdf c24516f4c28cb0ce0b4718bd32c19a62 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maritime Archaeology of Gujarat: Northwest coast of India Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 Nautical (Ship and boat) Archaeology of South Asia Description An account of the resource The evidence of maritime activity in India may be traced back to the Bronze Age (early 3rd millennium BC to mid- 2nd millennium BC). The excavation of several Harappan sites including Lothal, Kuntasi, Padri, Nageshwar, Bagasra and many others have conclusively demonstrated an advance maritime culture during the third millennium Before Christ (BC). During the historical period several coastal towns had international trade and commerce including Bet Dwarka, Somnath, Hathab, Vallabhi, and Bharuch. Maritime activity reached it’s zenith in Gujarat during the Medieval period (8th to 14th century AD) when Arab traders dominated the Indian Ocean for over a millennia. Underwater investigations have been carried out at various places along the Saurashtra coast and a large number of stone anchors were found. This paper also discusses the effect of tide when using jetties and anchoring points along various parts of the west coast India. The archaeological evidence indicates that two gulfs along the Gujarat coast (Gulf Kachchh and Gulf of Khambhat) witnessed the hectic maritime activities in the past. Both gulfs have very high tidal ranges. The Gulf of Khambhat has the highest tidal range in India (11 meters). Ancient texts such as Vishnu Puran and Periplus of the Eruthreanean Sea vividly describe the tidal range and its uses in navigation. The discovery of the large number of stone anchors in the inter tidal zone along the gulf region support the above references. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource A.S. Gaur Sundaresh Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 2 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/379a9ed08135603beb83a2a3b98505cb.pdf 42433eb8d8c8f54ebedd2fbb5f8879a0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Rock art of Phrayanaga (Viking) Cave, southern Thailand: the illustration of ancient vessels Subject The topic of the resource Session 11 Diversity in approaches to maritime archaeology, underwater cultural heritage and related areas Description An account of the resource Tham Phrayanaga is one of Southeast Asia’s most well-preserved but little understood rock art sites. This cave site in southern Thailand has at least 76 depictions of watercraft. Many of the images are accurate portrayals of vessels used by a number of different cultural groups. The nature of the imagery is described and the ways in which the site informs us about the region’s recent cross-cultural contact history is explored. Based on relative dating and comparative study, this rock art site has been given the approximately date of from about the late 1500s to the early 1900s. This study will highlight our results that have indicated that some figures are ancient vessels including Thai, Chinese, European, Indonesian, and Arabian. Moreover, it related to the Maritime Silk Route and the spice trade in Southeast Asia and the Andaman Sea, which is a part of the Indian Ocean. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Atthasit Sukkham Paul S.C. Taçon Noel Hidalgo Tan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 11 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/575b7af1c2ad8d9be6523cf922087a48.pdf 11aed85f3ef42e8e2f8d40cb905d417e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UNESCO Regional Capacity Building Programme on Safeguarding the Underwater Cultural Heritage of Asia and the Pacific Subject The topic of the resource Session 6 Empowerment and relevance in maritime and underwater cultural heritage programs in developing countries Description An account of the resource In response to the recommendation of delegates and experts during the Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on the 2001 Convention on the Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage (Hong Kong, Special Autonomous Region of China, November 2003), The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is implementing a regional capacity building programme on underwater cultural heritage (UCH) in Asia and the Pacific through the establishment of a Regional Field Training Centre. Supported by the Norwegian Government, the programme aims to facilitate and enable the training of maritime archaeologists and conservation experts from Asia and the Pacific region in the proper safeguarding and management of UCH, in line with the principles of the 2001 Convention and the Rules of its Annex. Operated by the Government of Thailand, the Regional Field Training Centre is attached within the precinct of the Underwater Archaeology Division of the Fine Arts Department in Chanthaburi, Thailand. With the support of implementing partners including International Council of Monuments and of Sites - International Council of Underwater Cultural Heritage (ICOMOS-ICUCH), the Centre has successfully organized since 2009 three Foundation Courses and an Advanced Course on the application of Geographical Information systems (GIS) in underwater archaeology and cultural heritage management. The six-week Foundation Courses aim to bring regional experts of different academic backgrounds to a common level of understanding on the multi-disciplinary nature of UCH management. So far, the regional capacity building programme has benefitted seventy national experts from seventeen countries in the Asia-Pacific Region, including Kenya. This paper will discuss the development of the regional capacity building programme, the training activities and projects in which the Centre is involved, future plans and efforts to sustain the Centre over the long term. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ricardo L. Favis Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 6 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/92f4ee5c51db81d9d353420912d27799.pdf cc9b96c77b0637ebe39bd9331bc4f38c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Conservation in Archaeology – an awareness training programme Subject The topic of the resource Session 6 Empowerment and relevance in maritime and underwater cultural heritage programs in developing countries Description An account of the resource Since the inception of tertiary maritime archaeological courses in Australia in the early 1980s, the Materials Conservation Department (MCD) of the Western Australian Museum (WAM) has presented a conservation awareness and training component to archaeology students. Creating awareness and an appropriate understanding of principals was the aim, because the intention was not to teach archaeologists how to apply conservation techniques or to conserve artefacts, but for them to appreciate the need for conservation, to encourage consultation with conservators and to stress the importance for conservator participation in archaeological projects. As integral participants in expeditions on-site conservators provide the archaeologist with a degree of assurance that recently exposed and subsequently recovered artefacts will be effectively managed i.e. have optimal prospects for their stabilization and be afforded the best post-excavation care. Appropriately trained conservators may also be engaged to determine the environmental conditions prevailing at, and within, an archaeological site in order to ascertain the condition of anticipated artefact materials and identify any potential problems prior to excavation. This information, including any risk factors determined, can guide the archaeologist when the investigation of sites is being prioritized and importantly indicate if urgent action is required. Conservators qualified to use Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCUBA) diving equipment are an additional asset to the investigation of underwater sites as they are able to directly apply the above procedures to this aspect of archaeology. Considering their knowledge of waterlogged and corroded materials the archaeologist may also prefer the diving conservator to recover badly deteriorated artefacts. The Conservation in Archaeology training programme can be tailored to suit particular aspects of the subject and target different levels of education. It provides straightforward explanation and demonstration to school children, provides a chemistry emphasis for exceptional science students, presents Nautical Archaeology Society (NAS) courses for the public and avocational practitioners and most recently a Conservation Field School incorporating higher level tutorials and practicals for post- graduate maritime and terrestrial archaeology university students. The WAM Conservation in Archaeology courses are presented intra-state, nationally and internationally. Awareness of the conservation considerations and requirements during archaeological investigations of cultural heritage sites is now more widely accepted by archaeologists and through school education programmes appreciated by young students who are the potential conservators and archaeologists of the future. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jon Carpenter Vicki Richards Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 6 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/60bb184a58bde992ab8a31683eaf9324.pdf 36e031a1f961d02d6732ae13bd4aafe6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bringing Asia to the World: Public Outreach via the Museum of Underwater Archaeology Subject The topic of the resource Session 10 Technology and Underwater Cultural Heritage Description An account of the resource The most fascinating explorations of underwater cultural heritage lose much of their value if the information gathered is not disseminated to a wide audience. While much of our public outreach has traditionally come from publications and conference talks, the Internet has become the fastest way to reach the greatest numbers of people. Though technology for website creation has become easier in recent years many archaeologists lack the time and expertise, not only to create web sites, but also to promote them in ways that will reach the widest possible audience. The Museum of Underwater Archaeology (MUA)’s mission is to assist and promote the use of the Internet by ethical professional, student, and avocational underwater archaeologists. This paper will focus on the various methods the MUA uses to present different projects, with a special spotlight on our Asian sites. It will also highlight ways to connect what is on the screen to actual hands-on experiences through different classroom-based teaching resources developed by the museum. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michelle Damian Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 10 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/62c160f16c0445ba6c9e1f34db3b6819.pdf 14759500d63d9ebe5ad97e2519c30663 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Recoding the Nautical Archaeology: Virtual Museum of Underwater Cultural Heritage in Turkey Subject The topic of the resource Session 10 Technology and Underwater Cultural Heritage Description An account of the resource The preservation of underwater cultural heritage (UCH) requires availability and access to data produced by nautical archaeology alongside tools for analysis, visualization and communication. Although numerous archaeological surveys and excavations have been carried out in the past decades in Turkey, there is no publicly available information system integrated to nautical archaeology. This paper proposes a framework of a virtual museum of UCH. For the creation of this framework, a data collection methodology for underwater surveys has been formulated and a web based information system has been designed to store the collected data. This paper explores the methods of analysis, visualization and communication embedded in this online system towards the development of a virtual museum. Virtual museum (VM) incorporates the practices of collection, preservation, research, visualization and exhibit, thus offering new approaches to the preservation of cultural heritage. In this paper, a web-based information system has been developed for a model of a virtual museum using the data collected during underwater surveys conducted on the coastal region of Kas, Turkey in 2007- 2010. Divers from a variety of professional backgrounds followed the practice of in situ preservation. They collected visual, geographical and descriptive data using structured datasheets. Through the analysis of these non-destructive methods, an open-content information system is designed aiming the contribution of all interested parties in a collaborative manner. The system currently contains information on 22 sites in the form of sketches, measurements, drawings, photographs of finds. Combined with Google Maps, the database illustrates the initial technological steps towards the development of a virtual museum. Divers, archaeologists and other interested users of this information system participate in the musealization of information through separately applied analysis, visualization and communication tools by open software programs. These initial steps demonstrate the methods for the automation of data analysis and visual documentation, the visualization of information and the communication of this knowledge. Futuristic concepts of automated, immersive and interactive design redefine the virtual museum of UCH as well as offer different approaches to the discipline of nautical archaeology. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dr. Guzden Varinlioglu Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 10 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/05676a4492481adb59d46fa364c534df.pdf 3bf6912c8b6445fe261e6899db601f92 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Filling the Gap: A 19th Century Shipwreck in Tanapag Lagoon, Saipan Subject The topic of the resource Session 8 Pacific Islands region: Building UCH Capacity Description An account of the resource Over the past 4000 years several cultural groups have utilized the island of Saipan in the archipelago now known as the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI) for a variety of purposes including settlement, trade, provisioning and as a strategic position for wartime activities. Maritime heritage sites ranging from ancient coastal settlements to those of wrecked ships, planes and other World War II era sites have been identified on the island and in the surrounding waters. Over the past five years the CNMI Historic Preservation Office has endeavored to better understand and protect the submerged heritage of the island through remote sensing surveys, site inventories and site inspections. Recently the remains of a previously undocumented site were located along the island’s fringing reef in Tanapag Lagoon. A multi-agency investigation of this site determined it to be the partial remains of a mid- to late-nineteenth century sailing vessel. This investigation represents the first archaeological study of an early colonial shipwreck in the CNMI and helps to fill a gap in the archaeological record of pre-World War II period maritime sites. This paper examines the historic maritime activities in the CNMI during the mid-nineteenth to early-twentieth century and discusses the significance of this site to them. Though data pertaining to Saipan during this period is sparse, historical documents suggest that five wooden sailing vessels are known to have wrecked there during that time. The historical and archaeological analysis of these remains contributes to a broader understanding of colonial interaction and trade in the CNMI and the Pacific region in the nineteenth century. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sarah Nahabedian Jason T. Raupp John D. San Nicolas Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 8 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/6d4f731f85a2202aa68ffbf2ccd00594.pdf c0b0d46cbb90fe00d88a0bbb20d51533 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Screen and Shipwrecks: Bridging the Divide Subject The topic of the resource Session 5 UCH in the Making… online session Description An account of the resource The use of visual media is an aspect of record keeping and a necessary component of outreach and community engagement in maritime archaeology. Recent technological innovations have created the need to acknowledge multiple available methods of transmitting information to the public. Cross-disciplinary education in screen and archaeology provides students with an innovative means to enhance archaeological knowledge at the tertiary level and the skills to better inform the public through the use of digital media and practice. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Helen Carter Emily Jateff Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 5 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/984db6d42e12657871163e72f1d20f03.pdf 6f546c4bea76c12b9cce7fcf6a7890ef Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Ethics of Archaeology Documentaries Subject The topic of the resource Session 5 UCH in the Making… online session Description An account of the resource Archaeology documentaries are an essential tool in the communication of archaeology to the public. It is in the interests of the discipline to ensure that archaeological research is portrayed accurately and ethically. Various professional archaeology organisations have developed voluntary codes of ethics for their members, yet documentary filmmakers are not bound by an established code of professional ethics. This study investigates whether archaeological codes of ethics can apply to filmmakers of archaeology documentaries, with a specific focus on films with underwater cultural heritage (UCH) subjects. This study also seeks to explore specific ethical considerations. It looks at the range of key stakeholders in archaeology documentaries, including participating archaeologists, the cultural stakeholders of the heritage site (eg. survivors of wreck events, descendants of individuals involved, and affiliated contemporary cultural groups), organisations with heritage management responsibilities, members of the public and interest groups. The concept of “truth” and its representation in film is discussed, as is the impact of filming on the conservation of UCH sites. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Karen Martin-Stone Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 5 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/7e7546f422b66ecda94d7ad145bd1d4b.pdf 32564c779549bdb842b13b9696097687 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Micromorphological and chemical characteristics of waterlogged archaeological bamboo Subject The topic of the resource Session 7 Preservation and conservation of wet archaeological materials and site management Description An account of the resource Waterlogged archaeological bamboo works such as bamboo slips and bamboo baskets, etc. were unearthed during excavations of the Mado shipwreck No. 1 excavation in 2009. Despite the number of bamboo artefacts recovered from underwater sites, the characteristics and conservation of waterlogged archeological bamboo unearthed from the sea have not been studied sufficiently. Following examinations of waterlogged archaeological bamboo using optical, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy, it was found that waterlogged archaeological bamboo has been invaded by soft rot fungi and erosion and tunneling bacteria. This is similar to the usual micromorphological decay characteristics of waterlogged archaeological wood. Unlike waterlogged wood however, waterlogged bamboo demonstrated differences in aspects of decay in the interlayer structure of the fibre cell and in the degree of decay, depending on the parts of the bundle sheath examined. Chemical analyses suggested that, as in waterlogged archaeological wood, cellulose and hemicellulose were significantly degraded and the content of lignin was relatively high in waterlogged bamboo. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mi Young CHA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 7 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/8de7b2c59bbd77eab07b3961b1c15b02.pdf e2721cdf259ec65199999370d26d4d91 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource In Situ Preservation – Application of a Process-Based Approach to the Management of Underwater Cultural Heritage Subject The topic of the resource Session 7 Preservation and conservation of wet archaeological materials and site management Description An account of the resource Over the past few decades, the archaeological community has been moving away from the more traditional methods of excavation and recovery of underwater cultural heritage (UCH) towards a less intrusive management approach, essentially involving the preservation of sites in situ. Over the years, different remediation strategies have been utilised in order to protect these sites in situ and most of the techniques involve reburial of sites. Reburial may be an appropriate means of stabilising and decreasing the deterioration rate of a site, however, there needs to be a holistic approach to the study of the environment, before and after reburial to gain a full understanding of the changes that are occurring on the site and determine the effectiveness of the technique. This paper outlines a process-based approach to the development of appropriate long-term management strategies for UCH sites. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Vicki Richards Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 7 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/26d829c7ee7983165dbfb9234469cf51.pdf d2a03260c1349cf31ef7f5f0d2f31772 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pattanam archaeological site : The wharf context and the maritime exchanges Subject The topic of the resource Session 2 Nautical (Ship and boat) Archaeology of South Asia Description An account of the resource Since 2007 the archaeological excavations at Pattanam, located on the southwestern coast of India, were undertaken by the Kerala Council for Historical Research (KCHR) Thiruvananthapuram. These efforts unearthed an early historic (1st c BCE – 5th c CE) multi-cultural port site, which is now widely considered as an integral part of the ancient port of Muziris. This paper discusses the material evidence related to the maritime exchanges at Pattanam, including a wharf context and the importance of the site in the transcontinental interfaces in antiquity. The most striking material evidence unearthed at Pattanam is the enormous quantity of terracotta objects, ranging from sherds of a variety of jars and pots to roof tiles and bricks. This paper will specifically examine the Indian and non-Indian distinct pottery of the Pattanam ceramic assemblage. The excavations in the northeastern part of the site revealed a wharf and warehouse structure, a wooden canoe made of anjili in a waterlogged context, along with nine bollards of teak. The wharf was a platform made of a mixture of laterite, clay and lime, with an elaborate brick lining where the reclining platform touches the water. The waterlogged area also produced a plethora of paleo-botanical and other archaeological evidence prompting one to propose a hypothesis that Pattanam is a major emporium of the spice trade network of the Early Historic Period (1st c BCE – 5th c CE). This ‘priceless’ evidence from the wharf context and the adjacent waterlogged area are breakthrough finds for understanding the Early Historic inter-continental exchanges that flourished as part of the ancient spice trail that linked Asia, Africa and Europe. The paper concludes by examining the domineering distribution of local pottery as an example in pointing out the problems of Euro-centrism in the perspectives on long-distance exchanges. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource P. J Cherian Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 2 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/640dfe8268fe09f9f34a90d590ce2b46.pdf 18b80206bf82db574b7b27b419c19e8c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maritime History of Steamship Companies Impact in Modern China, 1840-1911 Subject The topic of the resource Session 11 Diversity in approaches to maritime archaeology, underwater cultural heritage and related areas Description An account of the resource This paper aims to provide evidence of historical documents in Chinese steamship industry and how these materials may provide context to better understand the underwater cultural heritage. What were the economic impacts of steamship industry on China’s littoral landscape? Through a discussion on maritime policies the following examples are noted: a) Assistance Policy – In 1876 Japan ordered a cessation on Chinese steamships from entering Japan to purchase coal. In response the Chinese government enacted the September 1876 Decree for Coal Aggregate Industry in Kai Ping in support of the first national coal mining industry. This caused great changes in the littoral landscape with the building of mining infrastructure. b) Preferential treatment – The 1872 Royal Act declared the development of the first Chinese steamship company. The China Merchants Steam Navigation Company gained monopoly of the inland-waterway systems (Yangtze River – Shanghai to Hankou to Chong Qing). In support of its development the policy entailed the following: i. Raised high-prices on freights with the implementation of a tax to twice their value; ii. Private company taxes were increased but taxes reduced on the steamship company. iii. prohibition on other competitive steamship companies until 1896. These historical records can help to interpret maritime archaeology by providing reasons for ship-type shifts in cargo assemblages. When the government stepped in with these raised freights and taxes then the private companies operating junks were ousted by the national steamship company. This could explain why a shipwreck would encase high-valued merchandise along the canal system. The cargo could be misinterpreted to represent a pirate ship. However, knowledge of the relevant policy clarifies the fact that working steamships would have been the preferred vessel to carry cargoes of high-value. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Han Qing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 11 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/9c4af7c946c95a68130f6b8593793a55.pdf c7da8baf056a35586964d3c3220d2cde http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/34c20bac1657ee5171745db316f3fe1d.jpg 0f91ad9ec3e6de2e3e55ebe4284d91f1 Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 531 Height 364 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/6b1ce0ff9ea31d1c627366dfe1370303.jpg 0e753f54f0436b3d0c3a6960e801a8ee Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 325 Height 384 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/f9bcd0707427eb3c49c774322dc56c96.jpg c3e7bea5fa052d79d85d06ec09f17dad Omeka Image File The metadata element set that was included in the `files_images` table in previous versions of Omeka. These elements are common to all image files. Width 686 Height 480 Bit Depth 8 Channels 3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Protection of Catalina Wreck Site in Biak Water and Rehabilitation of the Surrounding Marine Environment Subject The topic of the resource Session 11 Diversity in approaches to maritime archaeology, underwater cultural heritage and related areas Description An account of the resource Over more than a decade ago a United States of America’s (USA) Air Force aircraft was found underwater off the coast of Biak in West Papua. The aircraft is believed to be a PBY Catalina, a WWII amphibious bomber aircraft. When the Papua Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries operated regular monitoring for marine ecosystems in Biak waters the team recorded severe problems with marine life directly associated to the waters surrounding the Catalina Wreck Site. National and Local government have been working together since 2010 to manage the underwater heritage and the marine environment in an integrated way. It is aimed that integrated management of the site will preserve the historical value of the WWII remains and rehabilitate the surrounding marine environment. Rehabilitation involves the establishment of coral gardens surrounding the wreckage of the aircraft. My intention in this paper is to present the plans of the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries to recover the coral reef to a healthy condition, to protect the underwater cultural heritage (UCH) and to manage the area for reasonable use. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Zainab Tahir Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 11 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/949c6b3ca678d2d4d3b84bfc252352b6.pdf f9ae2df85d4614b9dfccb24ea7fc1fe4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Legally in situ: legislative allowance for the practical application of in situ preservation pertaining to marine archaeological materials Subject The topic of the resource Session 11 Diversity in approaches to maritime archaeology, underwater cultural heritage and related areas Description An account of the resource The protection of underwater cultural heritage (UCH) often falls prey to interpretation of, or exclusion from, the law. With the ratification of the 2001 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization’s (UNESCO) Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001 Convention) encouraging the use of in situ preservation as the preferred option for managing these submerged sites, there is a need for a more refined guideline as to what constitutes in situ preservation within the 2001 Convention. Cultural heritage managers utilise a number of proactive and reactive in situ preservation methods with the intent to establish and maintain a stable environment for submerged cultural material, which can only be employed if the State Party has supporting legislation. Within the Asia Pacific region, the degree of State Party laws pertaining to the protection of UCH ranges from being in compliance with the rules and principles outlined by the 2001 Convention to contradicting the fundamentals within the document outright. Furthermore, terminology found within State Party laws varies from terminology found within the 2001 Convention, which further differs from terminology used by practitioners. With this in mind, it is necessary to try and bridge the gap between written definitions found in international texts and laws with the practitioners’ application of in situ preservation in order to strengthen the relationship between language and practice for the purposes of more efficiently supporting the management of underwater sites. This paper will focus on terminology within the Asia Pacific region pertaining to UCH management by examining the differences between legal boundaries and best management strategies. This paper will specifically look at terminology within regional domestic laws, discuss Rule 1 of the Annex, and address how amending terminology within these texts may benefit the region. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Debra Shefi Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 11 http://www.themua.org/collections/files/original/16579d0eb40d6a42b061e101a499ce19.pdf b6dc12bffc52c199e9dac72e2bf88705 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The 2011 Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage Proceedings Description An account of the resource The collected proceedings of the first inaugural Asia-Pacific Regional Conference on Underwater Cultural Heritage conference. Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Multidisciplinary Research Potential of Whaling Heritage in the Pacific Region Subject The topic of the resource Session 11 Diversity in approaches to maritime archaeology, underwater cultural heritage and related areas Description An account of the resource From the time that whaleships first rounded Cape Horn at the end of the eighteenth century, the activities of European and American whalers transformed the landscape and seascape of the Pacific region. While systematic hunting had a profound effect on cetacean populations, whaling affected more than just the hunted. The pursuit of new whaling grounds, the need to replenish food, water and firewood, and the frequent occurrence of shipwrecks and desertion, all led to interactions with the indigenous inhabitants and environments of virtually every archipelago. These interactions generated enduring influences, both positive and negative, on the cultural and material heritage of the Pacific. The archaeological evidence of whaling can be seen through the wrecks of whaling ships, the remains of whaling stations, and shipwreck survivors' camps that are found in even the most distant corners of the Pacific. The information contained in such sites has proven potential to inform researchers from a range of disciplines including archaeology, historical ecology, biology, and conservation science. Due to the remote locations of many of these sites and the limited resources available for accessing and studying them, multidisciplinary approaches to their investigation offer researchers and heritage managers cost effective options for gleaning valuable data. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jason T. Raupp Suzanne S. Finney Kelly Gleason Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 2011 Asia-Pac Session 11